African fossil hominids

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Variation in enamel development of South African fossil hominids.

Dental tissues provide important insights into aspects of hominid palaeobiology that are otherwise difficult to obtain from studies of the bony skeleton. Tooth enamel is formed by ameloblasts, which demonstrate daily secretory rhythms developing tissue-specific structures known as cross striations, and longer period markings called striae of Retzius. These enamel features were studied in the mo...

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New fossil hominids from Laetolil, Tanzania.

New fossil hominid specimens from the Laetolili fossil locality in Tanzania are described. The material includes mandibles and teeth derived from reliably-dated deposits of Pliocene age. Preliminary descriptions, measurements and illustrations are presented.

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A New Malaria Agent in African Hominids

Plasmodium falciparum is the major human malaria agent responsible for 200 to 300 million infections and one to three million deaths annually, mainly among African infants. The origin and evolution of this pathogen within the human lineage is still unresolved. A single species, P. reichenowi, which infects chimpanzees, is known to be a close sister lineage of P. falciparum. Here we report the d...

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Zygomatic Root Position in Recent and Fossil Hominids.

The relative position of the zygomatic root to the dentition plays a crucial role in determining the overall strength of the face in response to bite forces. The powerful superficial head of the masseter arises there and the zygomaticoalveolar crest (ZAC) is discussed as a buttressing feature of the face. For instance, a more forwardly or backwardly positioned zygomatic root or a lower or highe...

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A fossil stapes from Sterkfontein, South Africa, and the hearing capabilities of early hominids.

The three small bones of the human middle ear—the malleus, incus and stapes—have been the subject of research since the mid fifteenth century (Arensburg et al., 1981). Consequently, knowledge of their anatomy and embryology is extensive (e.g. Schuknecht & Gulya, 1986; McPhee & Van de Water, 1988). Middle ear bones have also been well studied in other extant primates and in Neanderthals (e.g., M...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Nature

سال: 1977

ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687

DOI: 10.1038/270766a0